The next three questions are based on the following passage NOTE: The instructor of a history class has just finished grading the essay exams from his students, and the results are not good. The essay exam was worth 70% of the final course score. The highest score in the class was a low B, and more than half of the class of 65 students failed the exam. In view of this, the instructor reconsiders his grading plan for the semester and sends out an email message to all students. Dear students: The score for the essay exam have been posted in the online course grade book. By now, many of you have probably seen your grade and are a little concerned.( And if you're not concerned, you should be- at least a bit!) At the beginning of the semester. , I informed the class that I have a strict grading policy and that all scores will stand unquestioned. With each class comes a new challenge, however, and as any good instructor will tell you, sometimes the original plan has to change. As a result, I propose the following options for students to make up their score: 1) I Will present the class with an extra credit project at the next course meeting. The extra credit project will be worth 150% of the point value of the essay exam that has just been completed. While I will not drop the essay exam score, I will give you more than enough of a chance to make up the difference and raise your overall score. 2) I will allow each student to develop his or her own extra credit project. This project may reflect the tenor of option number 1 (above) but will allow the student to create a project more in his or her own line of interest. Bear in mind, however, that this is more of a risk. The scoring for option number 2 will be more subjective, depending on whether or not I feel that the project is a successful alternative to the essay exam. If it is, the student will be awarded up to 150% of the point value of the essay exam. 3) I will provide the class with the option of developing a group project. Students may form groups of 3 or 4 and put together an extra credit project that reflects a stronger response to the questions in the essay exam. This extra credit project will receive an equal score for the project, so there is a risk in this as well. If you are part of a group in which you do most of the work, each member of the group will receive equal credit for it. The purpose of the project is to allow students to work together and arrive at a stronger response than if each worked individually. If you are interested in pursuing extra credit to make up for the essay exam, please choose one of the options above. No other extra credit opportunities will be provided for the course. Good Luck! Dr. Edwards Which of the following describes this type of writing?

A. Technical

B. Narrative

C. Persuasive

D. Expository

Answer Explanation:

Therefore, the Correct Answer is A.

Q #1: "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me" Book Review by Stephen Davidson from the online blog Popular Reads   In the 17th century, there were people who called the sea home and sought extraordinary adventures. These people were called pirates. Pirates, or privateers as they were sometimes called, have long been a part of popular culture in the 21st century in books, television shows, plays, and movies. With so many pieces of media about pirates, one would not think that anything else would be needed. That would be a mistaken belief.Pirates: A Swashbuckling History by Grace O'Malley Teach, a popular fiction writer, is a wonderful addition to the popular fiction on pirates. She brings a fresh take on mythology from the world of piracy. Each chapter of this 168 page book is dedicated to a famous (or possibly infamous) pirate from history, from the dreaded Blackbeard to the fierce Mary Reed. As she explores these legends with her vivid writing style, it is like the pirates leap from the pages of the book and begin battling in right in front of my eyes. In addition to her excellent writing bringing the stories to life, artistic representations of each of the pirates has been created for this book by up and coming illustrator Edward Teach, the author's brother, who just began a comic series about British history.Some of the content can get a little graphic in its violence, which is what we should really all expect from a book about pirates. However, I believe that this book is the perfect present for the young children that haven't yet found a love of reading. I would also recommend this as a fun read when relaxing on a boat or by the beach to really get in the mindset of piracy and adventure. No matter where this book is read, I can guarantee that this is a purchase is worth it!   "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me" "A Bottle of Disappointment"Book Review by Sue James from the journal History and LiteraturePirates: A Swashbuckling History by Grace O'Malley Teach is the worst anthology of pirate tales I've ever read. Ms. Teach tends to overemphasize and sensationalize the legends at the expense of real pirate history. This is just another pointless pop culture filler riding the coattails of far superior works on piracy. I would recommend finding a better book than this one.   After reading the review above, which is about the same book as the passage, which of the following comparison statements is true?

A. The author of "A Bottle of Disappointment" found this book more entertaining than the author of "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me."

B. The author of "A Bottle of Disappointment" liked the book less than the author of "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me."

C. The author of "A Bottle of Disappointment" believes that the book offers a reliable insight into the history of piracy while the author of "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me" does not

D. The author of "A Bottle of Disappointment" believes that people should read this book while the author of "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me" does not

Answer Explanation

The author of "A Bottle of Disappointment" liked the book less than the author of "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me."
Q #2: Harriet Tubman was a runaway slave from Maryland who became known as the "Moses of her people." Over the course of 10 years, and at great personal risk, she led hundreds of slaves to freedom along the Underground Railroad, a secret network of safe houses where runaway slaves could stayeir journey north to freedom She later became a leader in the abolitionist movement, and during the Civil War she was a spy for the federal forces in South Carolina as well as a nurse Harriet Tubman's name at birth was Araminte Ross. She was one of 11 children of Harriet and Benjamin Ross born into slavery in Dorchester County, Maryland. As a child, Ross was "hired out" by her master as a nursemaid for a small baby Ross had to stay awake all night so that the baby wouldn't cry and wake the mother. If Ross fell asleep, the baby's mother whipped her. From a very young age, Ross was determined to gain her freedom. As a slave, Araminta Ross was scarred for life when she refused to help in the punishment of another young slave. A young man had gone to the store without permission, and when he returned, the overseer wanted to whip him. He asked Ross to help but she refused. When the young man started to run away, the overseer picked up a heavy iron weight and threw it at him. He missed the young man and hit Ross instead. The weight nearly crushed her skull and left a deep scar. She was unconscious for days, and suffered from seizures for the rest of her life. In 1844, Ross married a free black named Jahe Tubman and took his last name. She also changed her first name, taking her mother's name, Harriet, in 1849, worried that she and the other slaves on the plantation were going to be sold, Tubman decided to run away. Her husband refused to go with her, so she set out with her two brothers, and followed the North Star in the sky to guide her north to freedom Her brothers became frightened and turned back, but she continued on and reached Philadelphia. There she found work as a household servent and saved her money so she could return to help others escape. This passage is mainly about which of the following?  

A. Slaves in the Civil War

B. How slaves escaped along the Underground Railroad

C. Harriet Tubman's role as an abolitionist leader

D. Harriet Tubman's life as a slave.

Answer Explanation

The passage is mainly about Harriet Tubman’s life as a slave as it narrates her life journey from the time she was born.
Q #3: "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me" Book Review by Stephen Davidson from the online blog Popular Reads   In the 17th century, there were people who called the sea home and sought extraordinary adventures. These people were called pirates. Pirates, or privateers as they were sometimes called, have long been a part of popular culture in the 21st century in books, television shows, plays, and movies. With so many pieces of media about pirates, one would not think that anything else would be needed. That would be a mistaken belief.Pirates: A Swashbuckling History by Grace O'Malley Teach, a popular fiction writer, is a wonderful addition to the popular fiction on pirates. She brings a fresh take on mythology from the world of piracy. Each chapter of this 168 page book is dedicated to a famous (or possibly infamous) pirate from history, from the dreaded Blackbeard to the fierce Mary Reed. As she explores these legends with her vivid writing style, it is like the pirates leap from the pages of the book and begin battling in right in front of my eyes. In addition to her excellent writing bringing the stories to life, artistic representations of each of the pirates has been created for this book by up and coming illustrator Edward Teach, the author's brother, who just began a comic series about British history.Some of the content can get a little graphic in its violence, which is what we should really all expect from a book about pirates. However, I believe that this book is the perfect present for the young children that haven't yet found a love of reading. I would also recommend this as a fun read when relaxing on a boat or by the beach to really get in the mindset of piracy and adventure. No matter where this book is read, I can guarantee that this is a purchase is worth it!   "Yo Ho, a Pirate's Book For Me"What is the author's purpose for writing this book review?  

A. To persuade readers to purchase this book

B. To inform readers about the popularity of pirates

C. To entertain the reader with tales of pirates

D. To tell the reader that books about pirates are losing popularity

Answer Explanation

To persuade readers to purchase this book.
Q #4: In 1907, Edith Cavell, a British nurse, was appointed head nurse of the Berkendael Medical Institute in Belgium. In 1914, at the start of World War I and the German occupation of Belgium, Cavell joined the Red Cross to support the nursing effort. The Berkendael Institute was converted into a hospital for wounded soldiers of all nationalities. During this time, Cavell helped soldiers treated there to escape to neutral Holland. In 1915, she was arrested by local German authorities for abetting the escape of 200 soldiers and was sentenced to death. Cavell's case received significant press coverage around the world, especially in Britain and the United States. In the weeks after her death, the number of men enlisting to serve in World War I greatly increased.   What can you conclude about the effect Edith Cavell's death had on the British and American people?  

A. Nurses were considered an important reason for why the American and English won World War I

B. Many British and American people believed she had died for a good cause

C. The British and American people began to highly regulate hospital practices

D. British and American hospitals began admitting wounded soldiers of all nationalities

Answer Explanation

Many British and American people believed she had died for a good cause hence leading to many men joining the World War I.
Q #5: Among the first females awarded a degree from Oxford University, Dorothy L. Sayers proved to be one of the most versatile writers in post-war England. Sayers was born in 1893, the only child of an Anglican chaplain, and she received an unexpectedly good education at home. For instance, her study of Latin commenced when she was only six years old. She entered Oxford in 1912, at a time when the university was not granting degrees to women. By 1920, this policy had changed, and Sayers received her degree in medieval literature and modern languages after finishing university. That same year, she also received a master of arts degree.   Sayers's first foray into published writing was a collection of poetry released in 1916. Within a few years, she began work on the detective novels and short stories that would make her famous, due to the creation of the foppish, mystery-solving aristocrat Lord Peter Wimsey. Sayers also wrote short story mysteries about the character Montague Egg. In spite of her success as a mystery writer, Sayers continued to balance popular fiction with academic work; her translation of Dante's Inferno gained her respect for her ability to convey the poetry in English while still remaining true to the Italian terza rima. She also composed a series of twelve plays about the life of Christ, and wrote several essays about education and feminism. In her middle age, Dorothy L. Sayers published several works of Christian apologetics, one of which was so well- received that the archbishop of Canterbury attempted to present her with a doctorate of divinity. Sayers, for reasons known only to her, declined. Which of the following describes the type of writing used to create the passage?  

A. Narrative

B. Persuasive

C. Expository

D. Technical

Answer Explanation

Expository as it exposes and explains the facts about the writer.
Q #6: The Bermuda Triangle The area known as the Bermuda Triangle has become such a part of popular culture that it can be difficult to separate fact from fiction. The interest first began when five Navy planes vanished in 1945, officially resulting from "causes or reasons unknown." The explanations about other accidents in the Triangle range from the scientific to the supernatural. Researchers have never been able to find anything truly mysterious about what happens in the Bermuda Triangle, if there even is a Bermuda Triangle. What is more one of the biggest challenges in considering the phenomenon is deciding how much area actually represents the Bermuda Triangle. Most consider the Triangle to stretch from Miami out to Puerto Rico and to include the island of Bermuda. Others expand the area to include all of the Caribbean islands and to extend eastward as far as the Azores, which are closer to Europe than they are to North America. The problem with having a larger Bermuda Triangle is it increase the odds of accidents. There is near-constant travel, by ship and plane, across the Atlantic, and accidents are expected to occur. In fact, the Bermuda Triangle happens to fall within one of the busiest navigational regions in the world, and the reality of greater activity creates the possibility for more to go wrong. Shipping records suggest that there is not a greater than average loss of vessels within the Bermuda Triangle, and many researchers have argued that the reputation of the Triangle makes any accident seem out of the ordinary. In fact, most accidents fall within the expected margin of error. The increase in ships from East Asia no doubt contributes to an increase in accidents. And as for the story of the Navy planes that disappeared within the Triangle, many researchers now conclude that it was the result of mistakes on the part of the pilot who were flying into storm clouds and simply got lost. Which of the following represents an opinion statement on the part of the author?

A. The thing with having a larger Bermuda Triangle is that it increases the odds of accidents.

B. The area known as the Bermuda Triangle has become such a part of popular culture that it can be difficult to sort through the myth and locate the truth.

C. The increase in ships from East Asia no doubt contributes to an increase in accidents.

D. Most consider the Triangle to stretch from Miami to Puerto Rico and include the island of Bermuda.
Answer Explanation

Choice C is an opinion statement because it expresses the author's opinion that an increase in ships from East Asia contributes to the increase in accidents within the Bermuda Triangle. It presents a subjective view on the cause of accidents in the region.

Choice A: "The problem with having a larger Bermuda Triangle is that it increases the odds of accidents."
- This choice is not an opinion statement. It presents a cause-and-effect relationship between the size of the Bermuda Triangle and the likelihood of accidents. It's a statement of fact or logical deduction, rather than expressing the author's opinion.
Choice B: "The area known as the Bermuda Triangle has become such a part of popular culture that it can be difficult to sort through the myth and locate the truth."
- This choice is not an opinion statement either. It acknowledges the difficulty in distinguishing myth from truth in the context of the Bermuda Triangle but does not express the author's personal opinion.
Choice D: "Most consider the Triangle to stretch from Miami to Puerto Rico and include the island of Bermuda."
- This choice is also not an opinion statement. It provides information about the commonly accepted geographical boundaries of the Bermuda Triangle based on general consensus, but it does not reflect the author's opinion.
Q #7: In 1603, Queen Elizabeth I of England died. She had never married and had no heir, so the throne passed to a distant relative: James Stuart, the son of Elizabeth's cousin and one time rival for the throne, Mary, Queen of Scotts, James was crowned King James VI of Scotland, and the combination of roles would create a spirit of conflict that hunted the two nations for generations to come. The conflict developed as a result of rising tensions among the people within the nations, as well as between them. Scholars in the 21st century area far too hasty to dismissing the role of religion in political disputes, but religion undoubtedly played a role in the problems that faced England and Scotland. By the time of James Stuart's succession to the English people had firmly embrace the teachings of Protestant theology. Similarly, The Scottish Lowlands was decisively Protestant. In the Scottish Highlands, however, the clans retained their Catholic fate. James acknowledged the Church of England and still sanctioned the largely Protestant translation of the Bible that still bears his name James's son King Charles I proved himself to be less committed to the Protestant Church of England. Charles married the Catholic Princess Henrietta Maria of France, and there were suspicious among the English and the Lowland Scots that Charles was quietly a Catholic. Charles's own political troubles extended beyond religion in this case, and he was beheaded in 1649. Eventually, his son King Charles's II would be crowded, and this Charles believed to have converted secretly to the Catholic Church, Charles II died without a legitimate heir, and his brother James ascended to the throne as King James II. James was recognized to be a practicing Catholic, and his commitment to Catholicism would prove to be his downfall. James's wife Mary Beatrice lost number of children during their infancy, and when she became pregnant again in 1687 the public became concerned, if James had a son, that son would undoubtedly be raised a Catholic, and the English people would not stand for this. Mary gave birth to a son, but the story quickly circulated that the royal child had died and the child named James's heir was a founding smuggled in .James, his wife, and his infant son were forced to flee; and James's Protestant daughter Mary was crowned the queen. In spite of a strong resemblance to the King, the young James was generally rejected among the English and the Lowland Scots, who referred to him as the "the Pretender." But in the Highlands the Catholic princeling was welcome. He inspire a group known as Jacoties, to reflect the Latin version of his name. His own son Charles, known affectionately as Bonnie Prince Charlie, would eventually raise an army and attempt to recapture what believed to be his throne. The movement was soundly defeated at the Battle of Culloden in 1746; and England and Scotland have remained ostensibly Protestant ever since.   Which of the following is a logical conclusion based on the information that is provided within the passage?

A. Like Elizabeth I, Charles II never married and thus never had children.

B. The English people were relieved each time that James II"s wife Mary lost another child, as this prevented the chance of a Catholic monarch

C. Charles I's beheading had less to do with religion than with other political problems that England was facing.

D. Unlike his son and grandsons, King James I had no Catholic leanings and was faithful of the Protestant Church of England

Answer Explanation

Charles I’s beheading had less to do with religion than with other political problems that England was facing is a logical conclusion based on the information provided in the passage as his political trouble extended beyond religion leading to his beheading.
Q #8: The day began when my watch beeped at 4:30 a.m. The alarm was supposed to sound at 7:30, but I had forgotten to change the time back to my time zone after my last business trip in Boston. It was a struggle to stay awake for everything I needed to get done. First, I groggily showered, washed my hair, and blow dried it. Then, I kept yawning while I got dressed, but before I got dressed I had to iron my silky blouse. Next, I finally got to have my hot coffee while I styled my hair and put on my makeup. Finally, I was wide awake and at my bus stop ten minutes early so I could arrive at my audition on time.   Which of the following inferences can the reader logically make after reading this passage?

A. The protagonist does not care about this audition

B. Waking up at 4:30 a.m. is easy for the protagonist

C. The bus usually runs late

D. Appearance is important when going to an audition

Answer Explanation

Appearance is important when going to an audition as she woke up early shower, wash her hair and blow dry it, and had to iron her silky blouse.
Q #9: To: Dog Wranglers From: Sara Mosher Re: Tuxedos and Tails Gala This Saturday is the yearly event we have all been waiting for, the rescue's biggest fundraising event of the year! Please be sure to read the e-mails you received 2 weeks ago with all the information about where to meet, what time, and what to wear. In addition, please arrive twenty minutes prior to your assigned time to pick up your name tags, box dinner, water bottle, and goody bag for your assigned dog. Based on the content of the memorandum, when did Sara Mosher send this memo about the Tuxedos and Tails Gala?

A. Before sending official invitations to the gala

B. The week before the gala

C. The day of the gala

D. Before selecting dog wranglers to staff the gala

Answer Explanation

The week before the gala as she tells them to please be sure to read the emails she sent two weeks prior before the meet up.
Q #10: NOTE: The instructor of a history class has just finished grading the essay exams from his students, and the results are not good. The essay exam was worth 70% of the final course score. The highest score in the class was a low B, and more than have of the class of 65 students failed the exam. In view of this, the instructor reconsiders his grading plan for the semester and sends out an email message to all students.   Dear students: The score for the essay exam have been posted in the online course grade book. By now, many of you have probably seen your grade and are a little concerned.( And if you're not concerned, you should be- at least a bit!) At the beginning of the semester. , I informed the class that I have a strict grading policy and that all scores will stand unquestioned. With each class comes a new challenge, however, and as any good instructor will tell you, sometimes the original plan has to change. As a result, I propose the following options for students to make up their score: 1) I Will present the class with an extra credit project at the next course meeting. The extra credit project will be worth 150% of the point value of the essay exam that has just been completed. While I will not drop the essay exam score, I will give you more than enough of a chance to make up the difference and raise your overall score. 2) I will allowed each student to develop his or her own extra credit project. This project may reflect the tenor of option number 1 (above) but will allow the student to create a project more in his or her own line of interest. Bear in mind, however, that this is more of a risk. The scoring for option number 2 will be more subjective, depending on whether or not I feel that the project is a successful alternative to the essay exam. If it is, the student will be awarded up to 150% of the point value of the essay exam. 3) I will provide the class with the option of developing a group project. Students may form groups of 3 or 4 and put together an extra credit project that reflects a stronger response to the questions in the essay exam. This extra credit project will receive an equal score for the project, so there is a risk in this as well. If you are part of a group in which you do most of the work, each member of the group will receive equal credit for it. The purpose of the project is to allow students to work together and arrive at a stronger response than if each worked individually.   If you are interested in pursuing extra credit to make up for the essay exam, please choose one of the options above. No other extra credit opportunities will be provided for the course.   Good Luck! Dr. Edwards   Which of the following best describes the instructor's purpose in writing this email to his students?  

A. To berate students for the poor scores that they made on the recent essay exam.

B. To encourage students to continue working hard in spite of failure.

C. To give students the opportunity to make up the bad score and avoid failing the course.

D. To admit that the essay exam was likely too difficult for must students

Answer Explanation

The purpose of the instructor in writing this email is to encourage students to make up the bad score and avoid failing the course by proposing different options for them to make up their scores.

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