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TEAS 7 Science TEAS 7 Science Practice Test 1 What type of mutation is represented by ...

What type of mutation is represented by the following sequence? Original: 123456 Mutated: 154326

A. Breakage

B. Deletion

C. Insertion

D. Inversion

Answer Explanation:

An inversion mutation is represented in the sequence 1 5 4 3 2 6. An inversion error is a type of mutation where an entire sequence of DNA is reversed. In this case, 2 3 4 5 has been reversed to 5 4 3 2.

Breakage, choice A, in a gene can mess up its function entirely or lead to a translocation of genetic information. Choice B, deletion, is when a section of DNA is omitted or lost.

Choice C, Insertion, is when an extra base pair is added to a DNA sequence. Deletions and insertions can lead to a frameshift effect where entire sequences are thrown off because one nucleotide is wrong.

This could result in coding for the wrong amino acid and non-functioning proteins.

Therefore, the Correct Answer is D.

More Questions on TEAS 7 Science

  • Q #1: When animals eat, insulin is released from the pancreas, stimulating glucose uptake by the liver. When glucose levels drop, the pancreas reduces insulin release. This is an example of which mechanism for maintaining homeostasis?

    A. Negative feedback

    B. Positive feedback

    C. Stress response

    D. Parasympathetic regulation

    Answer Explanation

    Maintaining homeostasis means that conditions are kept stable and relatively constant. Negative feedback is a mechanism used to reverse or minimize changes in a system. In this example, negative feedback is used to keep the body's glucose and insulin levels stable. Positive feedback (B) is a mechanism that Increases changes in a system. A stress response (C) describes the body's reaction to threats or pressures. Parasympathetic regulation (D) refers to activities of the nervous system, including slowing the heart rate and boosting Intestinal activity.

  • Q #2: What type of mutation is represented by the following sequence? Original: 123456 Mutated: 154326

    A. Breakage

    B. Deletion

    C. Insertion

    D. Inversion

    Answer Explanation

    An inversion mutation is represented in the sequence 1 5 4 3 2 6. An inversion error is a type of mutation where an entire sequence of DNA is reversed. In this case, 2 3 4 5 has been reversed to 5 4 3 2.

    Breakage, choice A, in a gene can mess up its function entirely or lead to a translocation of genetic information. Choice B, deletion, is when a section of DNA is omitted or lost.

    Choice C, Insertion, is when an extra base pair is added to a DNA sequence. Deletions and insertions can lead to a frameshift effect where entire sequences are thrown off because one nucleotide is wrong.

    This could result in coding for the wrong amino acid and non-functioning proteins.

  • Q #3: What is a hypothetical explanation for an occurrence that is based on prior knowledge called?

    A. Independent variable

    B. Dependent variable

    C. Trial

    D. Hypothesis

    Answer Explanation

    A hypothesis is the use of prior knowledge in order to provide a hypothetical explanation for why something may or may not occur. A hypothesis can be proved wrong or right based on the results of the experiment and repeated trials.

  • Q #4: Which of the following answers shows CH4 +2O2=CO2 +H2O as balanced?

    A. CH4 + 2O2 = 2CO2 + 2H2O

    B. 2CH4 + 4O2 = 2CO2 + H2O

    C. 2CH4 + O2 = 2CO2 + H2O

    D. CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2H2O

    Answer Explanation

    For the formula CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + H2O to be balanced there must be an equal number of molecules on both the reactant and product sides. In this case, for the formula to be balanced, a coefficient of a 2 needs to be placed in front of the O2 and the H2O molecules. This would make both the reactant and product sides have one carbon, four hydrogens, and four oxygens

  • Q #5: Which of the following is a carbohydrate?

    A. Cellulose

    B. Hemoglobin

    C. Estrogen

    D. ATP

    Answer Explanation

    Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate that composes the better part of the cell wall.

    Hemoglobin is a protein and is found in red blood cells. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a compound used by living organisms to store and use energy. Estrogen is a steroid hormone that stimulates the development of female sex characteristics.

  • Q #6: A chemistry experiment is performed to determine the effect of a nonvolatile solute on the boiling point of water. Three trials are performed in which 10 mg, 20 mg, and 30 mg of salt are added to 500 mL of distilled water. Each solution is heated on a hot plate, and the elevated boiling points are recorded. Determine the dependent and independent variables in this question.

    A. The independent variable is the amount of salt, and the dependent variable is the temperature at which the water boils.

    B. The independent variable is the amount of water, and the dependent variable is the temperature at which the water boils.

    C. The independent variable is the temperature at which the water boils, and the dependent variable is the amount of salt.

    D. The Independent variable is the amount of salt, and the dependent variable is the amount of water.

    Answer Explanation

    In a scientific experiment, the dependent variable is the condition that is being tested and measured. The independent variable is the condition that is being changed or controlled. In this example, the amount of salt is varied, and the boiling point of water is measured. Therefore, the independent variable is the amount of salt, and the dependent variable is the temperature at which the water bolls.

  • Q #7: What is the role of ribosomes?

    A. Make proteins

    B. Waste removal

    C. Transport

    D. Storage

    Answer Explanation

    A ribosome is a structure of eukaryotic cells that makes proteins.

  • Q #8: Which of the following statements best defines an organelle?

    A. Layer of polysaccharides outside the plasma membrane of cells

    B. Abnormal Infectious proteins

    C. Specialized structures within a cell

    D. Collection of tissues used to serve a specific function

    Answer Explanation

    Organelles are specialized structures within a cell that serve a specific function. For example, mitochondria supply energy to the cell by generating adenosine triphosphate. Ribosomes are the site for protein synthesis. The nucleus is in charge of all of the activities of the cell.

  • Q #9: Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

    A. Releasing compressed gas to make a bottle-rocket launch

    B. Adding water to clay to make slip

    C. Crystalizing honey to make candy

    D. Including baking soda in a recipe to make it less sour

    Answer Explanation

    A chemical change involves a chemical reaction and new substances are produced. When baking soda is added to something sour (acidic) it neutralizes the acid and forms new molecules, in this case carbon dioxide and water. A physical change does not produce new substances. Phase changes such as evaporation and sublimation are physical changes. Changing the ratio of ingredients in a mixture, like adding more water to clay, does not change it chemically, but it can change some of the mixture's physical properties.

  • Q #10: What is the typical way a solid would turn to a liquid and then to a gas?

    A. Vaporizing, then melting

    B. Melting, then freezing

    C. Vaporizing, then freezing

    D. Melting, then vaporizing

    Answer Explanation

    A solid turns into a liquid by melting, and a liquid turns into gas by vaporization.

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