Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?
A. Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system.
B. Peripheral nervous system and somatic nervous system
C. Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.
D. Autonomic nervous system and central nervous system.
The two major parts of the nervous system are the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord and acts as the integration and command center of the body.
The PNS represents the conduit between the CNS and the body and is further subdivided into the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
Choice A is incorrect because it only mentions two subdivisions of the PNS, which are the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and somatic nervous system (SNS).
Choice B is incorrect because it only mentions one major part of the nervous system, which is the PNS, and one subdivision of it, which is the SNS.
Choice D is incorrect because it only mentions one major part of the nervous system, which is the CNS, and one subdivision of the PNS, which is the ANS.
Therefore, the Correct Answer is C.
More Questions on TEAS 7 Science
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Q #1: Which of the following is the atomic number of an atom that has 12 protons and 12 neutrons?
A. 24
B. 12
C. 1
D. 144
Answer Explanation
The atomic number of an atom is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus.
In this case, the atom has 12 protons, so its atomic number is 12.
Choice A, 24, is not the correct answer because it represents the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom’s nucleus, which is known as the mass number.
Choice C, 1, is not the correct answer because it does not represent the number of protons in the atom’s nucleus.
Choice D, 144, is not the correct answer because it represents the square of the mass number and does not represent any property of the atom.
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Q #2: Which of the following are the two major parts of the nervous system?
A. Autonomic nervous system and somatic nervous system.
B. Peripheral nervous system and somatic nervous system
C. Peripheral nervous system and central nervous system.
D. Autonomic nervous system and central nervous system.
Answer Explanation
The two major parts of the nervous system are the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
The CNS is made up of the brain and spinal cord and acts as the integration and command center of the body.
The PNS represents the conduit between the CNS and the body and is further subdivided into the somatic nervous system (SNS) and the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
Choice A is incorrect because it only mentions two subdivisions of the PNS, which are the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and somatic nervous system (SNS).
Choice B is incorrect because it only mentions one major part of the nervous system, which is the PNS, and one subdivision of it, which is the SNS.
Choice D is incorrect because it only mentions one major part of the nervous system, which is the CNS, and one subdivision of the PNS, which is the ANS.
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Q #3: Which of the following types of cells produce and release antibodies?
A. Natural killer cells
B. Cytotoxic T-cells
C. Plasma B cells
D. Helper T-cells
Answer Explanation
Plasma B cells.
Antibodies are produced by specialized white blood cells called B lymphocytes (or B cells).
When an antigen binds to the B-cell surface, it stimulates the B cell to divide and mature into a group of identical cells called a clone.
The mature B cells, called plasma cells, secrete millions of antibodies into the bloodstream and lymphatic system.
Choice A, Natural killer cells, is not the correct answer because natural killer cells are a type of white blood cell that play a major role in the host-rejection of both tumors and virally infected cells.
Choice B, Cytotoxic T-cells, is not the correct answer because cytotoxic T-cells are a type of white blood cell that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected (particularly with viruses), or cells that are damaged in other ways.
Choice D, Helper T-cells, is not the correct answer because helper T-cells are a type of white blood cell that play an important role in the immune system by helping other white blood cells fight infections.
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Q #4: Which of the following properties of water explains its solvent abilities for certain substances?
A. Kinetic energy of liquid water molecules
B. High specific heat
C. High surface tension
D. Polarity of water molecules
Answer Explanation
The polarity of water molecules explains its solvent abilities for certain substances.
Water is a polar molecule because it has a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end due to the unequal sharing of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
This polarity allows water to dissolve other polar substances and ionic compounds.
Choice A.
Kinetic energy of liquid water molecules is not the correct answer because kinetic energy refers to the energy of motion and does not directly explain water’s solvent abilities.
Choice B.
High specific heat is not the correct answer because specific heat refers to the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance and does not directly explain water’s solvent abilities.
Choice C.
High surface tension is not the correct answer because surface tension refers to the cohesive forces between liquid molecules and does not directly explain water’s solvent abilities.
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Q #5: Which of the following is the function of a totipotent cell?
A. Fights infectious diseases.
B. Aids in the maturation of sex cells.
C. Carries electrical impulses.
D. Develops into any kind of cell.
Answer Explanation
A totipotent cell can self-renew by dividing and develop into the three primary germ cell layers of the early embryo and into extra-embryonic tissues such as the placenta.
A fertilized egg is a totipotent stem cell and as such can develop into any specialized cell found in the organism.
Choice A is not correct because totipotent cells do not fight infectious diseases.
Choice B is not correct because totipotent cells do not aid in the maturation of sex cells.
Choice C is not correct because totipotent cells do not carry electrical impulses.
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Q #6: Stimulus: 1of 1. A group of students performed an experiment to test terminal velocity, which is the greatest speed obtained by a falling object. The students dropped different numbers of coffee filters and measured the resulting terminal velocity. Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data in the following data table? #OF FILTERS MASS (g) TERMINAL VELOCITY (m/s) 1 1.01 1.74 2 1.99 2.48 3 3.02 3.04 4 4.0 3.50 5 5.01 3.80
A. Terminal velocity is when the force of gravity is equal to air resistance.
B. Heavier objects take more time to reach terminal velocity.
C. Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
D. The greater the number of filters, the smaller the terminal velocity.
Answer Explanation
Heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects.
The data in the table shows that as the number of filters (and therefore the mass) increases, the terminal velocity also increases.
This means that the heavier objects (with more filters) are falling faster than the lighter objects (with fewer filters).
Choice A is not supported by the data in the table as much as it is true.
Terminal velocity is indeed when the force of gravity is equal to air resistance, but this definition does not provide any information about the relationship between mass and terminal velocity.
Choice B is also not supported by the data in the table.
The data does not provide any information about the time it takes for an object to reach terminal velocity.
Choice D is not supported by the data in the table.
The data shows that as the number of filters increases, the terminal velocity also increases.
This means that the greater the number of filters, the greater (not smaller) the terminal velocity.
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Q #7: Which of the following processes causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli?
A. Conversion to carbon monoxide.
B. Diffusion down a concentration gradient.
C. Passive transport using carrier proteins.
D. Active transport using energy.
Answer Explanation
Diffusion down a concentration gradient causes most of the carbon dioxide from the blood to move into the alveoli.
The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs.
Carbon dioxide is a waste product of cellular respiration and is carried by the blood to the lungs to be exhaled.
In the lungs, carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood (where its concentration is high) into the alveoli (where its concentration is lower) down its concentration gradient.
Choice A is incorrect because carbon dioxide is not converted to carbon monoxide in the body.
Choice C is incorrect because passive transport using carrier proteins is not the primary mechanism by which carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli.
Choice D is incorrect because active transport using energy is not involved in the movement of carbon dioxide from the blood into the alveoli.
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Q #8: Which of the following is the main function of centrosomes in animal cells?
A. . Organelle trafficking.
B. Pathogen digestion.
C. Cytoplasm formation
D. Microtubule organization
Answer Explanation
Microtubule organization.
Centrosomes are organelles that serve as the main microtubule-organizing centers for animal cells.
They regulate the movement of microtubules and other cytoskeletal structures, thereby facilitating changes in the shapes of the membranes of animal cells.
Choice A, Organelle trafficking, is not the correct answer because while centrosomes do play a role in intracellular trafficking during interphase by organizing an astral ray of microtubules, their main function is microtubule organization.
Choice B, Pathogen digestion, is not the correct answer because centrosomes do not play a direct role in pathogen digestion.
Choice C, Cytoplasm formation, is not the correct answer because centrosomes do not play a direct role in cytoplasm formation.
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Q #9: Which of the following organic molecules contain both an amine and carboxyl group?
A. Lipids
B. Chitin
C. Cellulose
D. Proteins
Answer Explanation
Proteins.
Proteins are made up of amino acids which are organic molecules that contain both an amine functional group (–NH2) and a carboxylic acid functional group (– COOH).
Choice A, Lipids, is not the correct answer because lipids are a group of naturally occurring molecules that include fats, waxes, sterols, fat-soluble vitamins, monoglycerides, diglycerides, triglycerides, phospholipids, and others.
They do not contain both an amine and carboxyl group.
Choice B, Chitin, is not the correct answer because chitin is a long-chain polymer of N-acetylglucosamine, a derivative of glucose.
It does not contain both an amine and carboxyl group.
Choice C, Cellulose, is not the correct answer because cellulose is an organic compound with the formula (C6H10O5)n, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units.
It does not contain both an amine and carboxyl group.
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Q #10: Which of the following ions binds to the troponin complex, initiating contraction of a muscle?
A. Potassium.
B. Calcium.
C. Phosphorus.
D. Sodium
Answer Explanation
Calcium ions play a crucial role in initiating muscle contraction.
When a muscle cell is stimulated to contract by an action potential, calcium channels open in the sarcoplasmic membrane and release calcium into the sarcoplasm.
Some of this calcium attaches to troponin, which causes it to change shape.
This shape change exposes binding sites for myosin on the actin filaments.
Myosin’s binding to actin causes crossbridge formation, and contraction of the muscle begins.
The other ions mentioned in the question do not have this specific role in muscle contraction.
Potassium ions are important for maintaining the resting membrane potential of cells, but they do not bind to the troponin complex.
Phosphorus ions are important for energy metabolism, but they do not bind to the troponin complex.
Sodium ions are important for generating action potentials, but they do not bind to the troponin complex.
