Which of these does NOT match the nitrogenous base to the nucleobase?
A. Purine: Adenine
B. Purine: Thymine
C. Pyrimidine: Uracil
D. Pyrimidine: Cytosine
There are two types of nitrogenous bases: purine and pyrimidine bases. Purine bases have two rings in their structure and consist of adenine and guanine. Pyrimidine bases only have one ring in their structure and consist of thymine and cytosine (DNA) and uracil and cytosine (RNA). Therefore, the correct answer is B since thymine is a pyrimidine.
Therefore, the Correct Answer is B.
More Questions on TEAS 7 Science
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Q #1: Which of the following anatomical structures is directly involved in the production of hormones?
A. Pituitary ,Pancreas
B. Penis,Pons
C. Pancreas ,Penis
D. Prostate, Pancreas
Answer Explanation
The pituitary and the pancreas are both structures of the endocrine system that produce hormones involved in body regulation, growth reaand development, sexual functioning, and other processes. The penis Is a structure of the reproductive system that responds to hormones, but it does not produce them. The prostate plays a role in converting testosterone (produced in the testicles) into dihydrotestosterone, but does not actively produce hormones. The pons is located in the brain stem and relays nerve signals that coordinate messages between the brain and the body. The pericardium is a structural component of the cardiovascular system.
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Q #2: Where is the scapula in relation to the olecranon?
A. Distal
B. Lateral
C. Ventral
D. Superior
Answer Explanation
The scapula, commonly known as the shoulder blade, is above the olecranon, commonly known as the elbow. Conversely, the olecranon is distal or inferior to the scapula.
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Q #3: Where is the gastrocnemius vein in relation to the femoral vein?
A. Lateral
B. Distal
C. Superior
D. Ventral
Answer Explanation
The gastrocnemius vein is found in the calf. The femoral vein is found in the proximal anterior thighs/pelvis.
Since the gastrocnemius vein is found below the femoral vein it is distal or inferior to the femoral vessel.
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Q #4: What is the role of ribosomes?
A. Make proteins
B. Waste removal
C. Transport
D. Storage
Answer Explanation
A ribosome is a structure of eukaryotic cells that makes proteins.
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Q #5: Which of the following is true regarding adipocytes?
A. They are involved in the secretion of glucose.
B. They are responsible for storing the fat that is found in adipose tissue
C. They are critical in the digestive breakdown of fat
D. They are the foundational element of muscles
Answer Explanation
Adipocytes are primarily seen in adipose or fat tissue. Their primary function is the storage of fat Adipocytes play a crucial role in maintaining proper energy balance, storing calories in the form of lipids, and mobilizing energy sources in response to stress. They are not involved in the digestion of fat or the secretion of glucose, nor are they the foundational element of muscles
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Q #6: Which of the heart chambers is the largest?
A. Left atrium
B. Right atrium
C. Left ventricle
D. Right ventricle
Answer Explanation
Of the four heart chambers, the left ventricle is the largest. When it contracts, it pushes blood out to the organs and extremities of the body. The right ventricle pushes blood into the lungs. The atria, on the other hand, receive blood from the outlying parts of the body and transport it into the ventricles.
The basic process works as follows: Oxygen-poor blood fills the right atrium and is pumped into the right ventricle. from which it is pumped into the pulmonary artery and on to the lungs. In the lungs, this blood is oxygenated. The blood then reenters the heart at the left atrium, which, when full, pumps into the left ventricle. When the left ventricle is full, blood is pushed into the aorta and on to the organs and extremities of the body.
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Q #7: When animals eat, insulin is released from the pancreas, stimulating glucose uptake by the liver. When glucose levels drop, the pancreas reduces insulin release. This is an example of which mechanism for maintaining homeostasis?
A. Negative feedback
B. Positive feedback
C. Stress response
D. Parasympathetic regulation
Answer Explanation
Maintaining homeostasis means that conditions are kept stable and relatively constant. Negative feedback is a mechanism used to reverse or minimize changes in a system. In this example, negative feedback is used to keep the body's glucose and insulin levels stable. Positive feedback (B) is a mechanism that Increases changes in a system. A stress response (C) describes the body's reaction to threats or pressures. Parasympathetic regulation (D) refers to activities of the nervous system, including slowing the heart rate and boosting Intestinal activity.
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Q #8: Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?
A. Releasing compressed gas to make a bottle-rocket launch
B. Adding water to clay to make slip
C. Crystalizing honey to make candy
D. Including baking soda in a recipe to make it less sour
Answer Explanation
A chemical change involves a chemical reaction and new substances are produced. When baking soda is added to something sour (acidic) it neutralizes the acid and forms new molecules, in this case carbon dioxide and water. A physical change does not produce new substances. Phase changes such as evaporation and sublimation are physical changes. Changing the ratio of ingredients in a mixture, like adding more water to clay, does not change it chemically, but it can change some of the mixture's physical properties.
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Q #9: Which structure of the nervous system carries action potential in the direction of a synapse?
A. Cell body
B. Axon
C. Neuron
D. Myelin
Answer Explanation
Axons carry action potential in the direction of synapses. Axons are the long, fiber-like structures that carry information from neurons. Electrical impulses travel along the body of the axons, some of which are up to a foot long.
A neuron is a type of cell that is responsible for sending information throughout the body. There are several types of neurons, including muscle neurons, which respond to instructions for movement; sensory neurons, which transmit information about the external world; and interneurons, which relay messages between neurons. Myelin is a fat that coats the nerves and ensures the accurate transmission of information in the nervous system.
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Q #10: Which of the following are examples of homeostatic mechanisms?
A. Increasing heart rate when blood pressure is low, Consuming excess calories to gain weight
B. Lifting weights to increase muscle mass
C. Shivering when the body temperature falls
D. Shivering when the body temperature falls, Secreting insulin to decrease blood sugar concentration, Increasing heart rate when blood pressure is low
Answer Explanation
Homeostatic mechanisms are involuntary actions by organs, glands, tissues and cells to maintain balance within the body. For example, if a person becomes dehydrated, the kidneys will retain fluid by decreasing urine output.
Consuming excess calories and lifting weights are not involuntary actions, nor do they maintain the body in its baseline state. Rather, they are actions specifically taken to move the body away from its baseline.
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