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A disorder of the digestive system that can cause severe dehydration is known as

A. appendicitis

B. gallstones

C. constipation

D. diarrhea

Answer Explanation:

D) diarrhea

- Correct: Diarrhea is a disorder of the digestive system that can cause severe dehydration. Diarrhea is characterized by frequent, loose, or watery bowel movements, often accompanied by abdominal cramps, bloating, and urgency. It occurs when the intestines fail to properly absorb water or when excess fluid is secreted into the intestines. Diarrhea can lead to significant fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance, resulting in dehydration, particularly if not promptly treated by replenishing lost fluids and electrolytes.

A) appendicitis

- Incorrect: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch located near the junction of the small and large intestines. While appendicitis can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, fever, and vomiting, it is not directly associated with dehydration.

B) gallstones

- Incorrect: Gallstones are hardened deposits that form in the gallbladder and can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea, and jaundice. While gallstones can lead to complications such as obstruction of the bile duct, they are not directly associated with dehydration.

C) constipation

- Incorrect: Constipation refers to infrequent bowel movements or difficulty passing stool, often characterized by hard, dry stools that are difficult to pass. While severe constipation can cause discomfort and complications such as fecal impaction, it is not directly associated with dehydration.

Therefore, the Correct Answer is D.

More Questions on TEAS 7 Science

  • Q #1: Which of these processes occurs throughout most of the alimentary canal?

    A. ingestion

    B. propulsion

    C. segmentation

    D. absorption

    Answer Explanation

    b) propulsion

    - Correct: Propulsion is the movement of food along the length of the alimentary canal, from the mouth to the anus. This process occurs throughout most of the alimentary canal and includes both swallowing (deglutition) and peristalsis. Swallowing moves food from the mouth to the esophagus, while peristalsis involves rhythmic contractions and relaxations of smooth muscles in the walls of the digestive organs, pushing food forward through the esophagus, stomach, and intestines.

    a) Ingestion: Ingestion refers to the intake of food into the mouth, which occurs at the beginning of the alimentary canal.

    c) Segmentation: Segmentation involves the mixing and churning of food within certain regions of the digestive tract, particularly the small intestine. It does not occur throughout most of the alimentary canal but rather in specific areas where mechanical digestion and absorption are optimized.

    d) Absorption: Absorption is the process by which nutrients and water are taken up from the digestive tract into the bloodstream or lymphatic system. While absorption occurs primarily in the small intestine, it also occurs in other parts of the alimentary canal, particularly in the large intestine, but it is not a continuous process throughout most of the alimentary canal like propulsion.

  • Q #2: During the process of absorption, nutrients from food go from:

    A. the intestines into the bladder

    B. the blood into the organs

    C. the intestines into the bloodstream

    D. the mouth into the stomach

    Answer Explanation

    c. the intestines into the bloodstream

    - Correct: During the process of absorption, nutrients from food pass from the intestines into the bloodstream. After food is broken down into its constituent nutrients through digestion in the stomach and small intestine, these nutrients are absorbed across the lining of the small intestine into the bloodstream. The small intestine is highly specialized for absorption, with villi and microvilli increasing the surface area available for nutrient absorption. Once absorbed into the bloodstream, nutrients are transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body to provide energy, support growth and repair, and maintain overall health.

    a. the intestines into the bladder

    - Incorrect: The bladder is part of the urinary system and is responsible for storing urine produced by the kidneys. Absorption of nutrients does not involve passage into the bladder.

    b. the blood into the organs

    - Incorrect: While nutrients absorbed into the bloodstream are indeed transported to various organs and tissues throughout the body, absorption itself occurs in the intestines, not directly from the blood into the organs.

    d. the mouth into the stomach

    - Incorrect: The mouth and stomach are primarily involved in the initial stages of digestion, including mechanical breakdown of food and the initiation of chemical digestion of carbohydrates and proteins. Absorption of nutrients occurs primarily in the small intestine, not from the mouth into the stomach.

  • Q #3: Which of the following membranes covers the stomach?

    A. falciform ligament

    B. mesocolon

    C. parietal peritoneum

    D. visceral peritoneum

    Answer Explanation

    d) visceral peritoneum

    - Correct: The visceral peritoneum covers the stomach. The peritoneum is a serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the abdominal organs. The portion of the peritoneum that directly covers the surface of an organ is called the visceral peritoneum. In the case of the stomach, the visceral peritoneum covers its outer surface, providing a protective and lubricating layer.

    a) falciform ligament

    - Incorrect: The falciform ligament is a fold of peritoneum that attaches the liver to the anterior abdominal wall and diaphragm. It does not cover the stomach.

    b) mesocolon

    - Incorrect: The mesocolon is a fold of peritoneum that attaches the colon to the posterior abdominal wall. It does not cover the stomach.

    c) parietal peritoneum

    - Incorrect: The parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal cavity but does not cover individual organs. It forms the outer layer of the peritoneum and is not directly associated with covering the stomach.