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Enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions by ________

A. Lowering the potential energy of the products

B. Separating inhibitors from products

C. Forming a complex with the products

D. Lowering the activation energy of the reaction

Answer Explanation:

Enzymes act as catalysts for biochemical reactions. A catalyst is not consumed in a reaction, but rather lowers the activation energy for that reaction. The potential energy of the substrate and the product remain the same, but the activation energy-the energy needed to make the reaction progress can be lowered with the help of an enzyme.

Therefore, the Correct Answer is D.

Q #1: Homeostasis is defined as:

A. Ability of human beings to keep body weight within normal limits

B. Maintenance of a constant external temperature inside a room

C. Ingestion of enough food to keep hunger pains from developing

D. Tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment

Answer Explanation

Homeostatic mechanisms are involuntary actions by organs, glands, tissues and cells to maintain balance within the body. If a function is disrupted the body will readjust in an attempt to maintain balance. During periods of starvation the body will break down glucose reserves in order to maintain normal glucose levels.
Q #2: Where is the gastrocnemius vein in relation to the femoral vein?

A. Lateral

B. Distal

C. Superior

D. Ventral

Answer Explanation

The gastrocnemius vein is found in the calf. The femoral vein is found in the proximal anterior thighs/pelvis.

Since the gastrocnemius vein is found below the femoral vein it is distal or inferior to the femoral vessel.
Q #3: Which of the following is an example of a chemical change?

A. Releasing compressed gas to make a bottle-rocket launch

B. Adding water to clay to make slip

C. Crystalizing honey to make candy

D. Including baking soda in a recipe to make it less sour

Answer Explanation

A chemical change involves a chemical reaction and new substances are produced. When baking soda is added to something sour (acidic) it neutralizes the acid and forms new molecules, in this case carbon dioxide and water. A physical change does not produce new substances. Phase changes such as evaporation and sublimation are physical changes. Changing the ratio of ingredients in a mixture, like adding more water to clay, does not change it chemically, but it can change some of the mixture's physical properties.

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