Which structures secrete chemicals utilized for the completion of digestion within the small intestine?

A. liver and pancreas

B. glomerulus and villi

C. esophagus and alveoli

D. gallbladder and pharynx

Answer Explanation:

A) liver and pancreas

- Correct: The liver and pancreas both secrete chemicals that are utilized for the completion of digestion within the small intestine. The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to aid in the emulsification and digestion of fats. The pancreas secretes pancreatic enzymes (such as amylase, lipase, and proteases) into the small intestine to further break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into smaller molecules that can be absorbed.

B) glomerulus and villi

- Incorrect: The glomerulus is a part of the kidney involved in the filtration of blood, and villi are finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area for absorption. While villi play a role in absorption within the small intestine, they do not secrete chemicals for digestion. The glomerulus is not involved in digestion.

C) esophagus and alveoli

- Incorrect: The esophagus is involved in swallowing and does not secrete chemicals for digestion. Alveoli are air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs during respiration and are not involved in digestion.

D) gallbladder and pharynx

- Incorrect: The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver but does not secrete chemicals directly into the small intestine. The pharynx is involved in swallowing and does not secrete chemicals for digestion.

Therefore, the Correct Answer is A.

Q #1: Which two organ systems provide materials required for the human body to produce ATP?

A. reproductive and excretory

B. digestive and respiratory

C. respiratory and immune

D. digestive and reproductive

Answer Explanation

The digestive system provides materials in the form of nutrients from food, such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. These nutrients are broken down during digestion and absorbed into the bloodstream.

The respiratory system provides oxygen, which is necessary for cellular respiration, the process by which ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is produced in cells. Oxygen is inhaled into the lungs and diffuses into the bloodstream to be transported to cells throughout the body.
Q #2: Feces is usually about 40 percent water and 60 percent solid matter. Reducing the water content to 20 percent would most likely result in

A. ulcers

B. appendicitis

C. diarrhea

D. constipation

Answer Explanation

D) constipation

- Correct: Feces with reduced water content, such as reducing the water content to 20 percent, would result in constipation. Constipation refers to infrequent bowel movements or difficulty passing stool, often characterized by hard, dry, and difficult-to-pass stools. When feces have less water content, they become harder and drier, making them more difficult to pass through the intestines. This can lead to discomfort, straining during bowel movements, and a sense of incomplete evacuation.

A) ulcers

- Incorrect: Ulcers are sores or lesions that develop in the lining of the digestive tract, commonly in the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine. They are not directly related to changes in the water content of feces.

B) appendicitis

- Incorrect: Appendicitis is inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch located near the junction of the small and large intestines. It is not directly related to changes in the water content of feces.

C) diarrhea

- Incorrect: Diarrhea refers to frequent, loose, or watery bowel movements. Reduced water content in feces would lead to constipation rather than diarrhea.
Q #3: Bile is a secretion which aids in the digestion of

A. lipids

B. proteins

C. saccharides

D. starches

Answer Explanation

A) lipids

- Correct: Bile is a secretion produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It aids in the digestion of lipids (fats) by emulsifying large fat globules into smaller droplets. This process increases the surface area of fats, allowing digestive enzymes such as lipase to more efficiently break them down into smaller molecules (fatty acids and glycerol) that can be absorbed in the small intestine.

B) proteins

- Incorrect: Bile does not aid in the digestion of proteins. Proteins are broken down by specific digestive enzymes such as pepsin in the stomach and proteases in the small intestine.

C) saccharides

- Incorrect: Bile does not aid in the digestion of saccharides, which are carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are broken down by enzymes such as amylase into simple sugars (monosaccharides) during the process of digestion.

D) starches

- Incorrect: Bile does not aid in the digestion of starches. Starches are complex carbohydrates

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Which structures secrete chemicals utilized for the completion of digestion within the small intestine?

More Questions on TEAS 7 Science

Q #1: Which two organ systems provide materials required for the human body to produce ATP?

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